Compassionate and bereavement leave explained [UK guide]
Need time off because a person has died? Learn how bereavement and compassionate leave work in the UK.
It's only natural to need time away from work when a person close to you has died. This could be to make arrangements, support your family or simply take time out to grieve.
In the UK, there's no single law giving everyone the same amount of bereavement leave. However, most employers do offer time off. This is often referred to as 'compassionate leave' or 'bereavement leave'. You may also hear it called 'time off for dependants'.
This article explains how compassionate and bereavement leave works, including what you're entitled to and what to do if you're unsure about your rights.
Is compassionate leave the same as bereavement leave?
The terms 'compassionate leave' and 'bereavement leave' are often used to mean the same thing. However, they can have slightly different meanings.
- Bereavement leave usually refers to time off after a person dies.
- Compassionate leave can include other serious situations, such as a loved one being seriously ill.
Some companies use both terms. Others just use one. Either way, the important thing is that it's time off to deal with something difficult or emotional.
Am I legally entitled to bereavement leave in the UK?
The law says all employees are entitled to reasonable time off if a dependant dies. A dependant is usually:
- Your husband, wife or partner
- Your child
- Your parent
- Someone else who depends on you, such as a carer or a person you support
This entitlement comes from the Employment Rights Act 1996. However, the law doesn't say how much time you can take, only that it should be 'reasonable'.
It also doesn't say whether this time should be paid or unpaid. That part is up to your employer.
What about parental bereavement leave?
If you lose a child under 18 or experience a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy, you may be entitled to parental bereavement leave.
Parental bereavement leave works slightly differently from bereavement leave. It's a separate legal entitlement that gives parents:
- Up to two weeks off, which you can take together or in separate blocks
- Statutory parental bereavement pay (if you're eligible)
This law came into force in 2020. To qualify for the pay element, you must have been employed for at least 26 weeks and meet minimum earnings criteria.
If this applies to you, speak to your HR department. They should be able to help you understand your rights and support options.
What about other family members?
If the person who died wasn't a legal dependant (for example, a sibling, grandparent, cousin or friend), you're not automatically entitled to leave by law. However, many employers still allow it.
You may be offered a set number of paid days for close family deaths. Employers may also allow you to use holiday or unpaid leave.
It's best to check your company's bereavement leave policy or speak to your line manager or HR contact. They may be more flexible than you expect.
Can I be refused time off?
Your employer can refuse leave if the person who died wasn't classed as a dependant. But in practice, many don't.
Most companies try to support their staff through grief, understanding that people need time and space to process what's happened.
If you feel your employer is being unfair, you can seek advice from Acas or Citizens Advice. Both organisations offer free and confidential support.
Do I have to show a death certificate or proof?
Employers may ask for confirmation, especially if you're taking extended leave. In most cases, however, it's enough to explain the situation and keep them updated.
A funeral director can help you get any documents you need (such as the death certificate). They may also be able to liaise with your employer if you're struggling.
What if I'm self-employed or freelance?
There's no formal compassionate leave policy for self-employed people. But you can still give yourself time to grieve.
That might mean postponing projects, reducing your hours or telling clients you need a few days off. You don't have to explain in detail. It's OK to simply let people know you're dealing with something personal.
You may also be able to claim support if your income is affected. Speak to your accountant or financial advisor if you're not sure where to start.
Taking care of yourself during bereavement
Grief affects people in many different ways. You may feel tired, tearful, numb or angry – sometimes all in the same day. It can also be difficult to focus on work, even after the funeral is over.
If you're struggling, it's okay to ask for more time or to seek professional support. Some workplaces offer Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs), which provide free counselling or helplines.
You can also speak to your GP or contact a charity like Cruse Bereavement Support for extra help. Or, if you need to talk to someone right now, you can contact Samaritans at any time on 116 123.
If you ever feel like hurting yourself or somebody else, call 999 straight away.
Can my employer do more than the legal minimum?
Yes – and many do.
Some employers offer enhanced bereavement policies, including:
- A set number of paid days off
- Extended leave for close family deaths
- The option to work reduced hours for a period
- Access to counselling or mental health support
You don't have to manage grief on a strict timeline. If you're struggling after returning to work, speak to your manager. You might be able to adjust your workload or work from home for a while.
AFD is a Harrow funeral home that serves families throughout London and Greater London. If you need help to plan a funeral, we're here to offer step-by-step support. Please don't hesitate to call our 24-hour helpline on 020 8355 7876.
